Trying to find a second opinion for your medical or surgical diagnosis can be not only a frustrating and lengthy process, but also a terrifying experience. How do you find the "right doctor"? Can you really trust your referring doctor to send you to someone with perhaps more knowledge, skill, or experience without bias and outside of his practice group or referral network? Who should you ask about the doctor? How should you research that doctor? These are all the questions yo

Spine surgery is not what it used to be even as recently as 2000s. Rapid technological advances in spine surgery and development of new (mainly minimally invasive) techniques have elevated spine care and spine surgery to levels hard to keep up with for most spine surgeons and neurosurgeons. Before 2010, understanding of spinal biomechanics was minimal. Fusion surgeries were at their peak, but it turns out, they were not done correctly. We had no knowledge, at that time, that

There is no such thing as a "simple" fusion or "easy" surgery. Every spine surgery, whether a laminectomy, single level fusion, or complex scoliosis reconstruction has its own challenges and should be patient focused to each individual. For example, patient's spine can be destabilized and fused in "flat back" even after just a single level fusion if the surgeon does not understand the spinal biomechanics, spino-pelvic parameters, and what happens to spine when wrong sized cag